Originality & Plagiarism

Authors must present entirely original work containing an accurate account of the research performed. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute severe unethical behavior and are categorically unacceptable. Any form of plagiarism is grounds for immediate rejection.

Concurrent Publication

Authors are strictly prohibited from submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently. Submitting previously published research, or submitting to multiple venues simultaneously, constitutes severe academic misconduct.

Authorship Criteria

Authorship must be strictly limited to individuals who have made a substantial contribution to the research. The corresponding author bears absolute responsibility for ensuring all co-authors have reviewed and explicitly approved the final manuscript prior to submission.

Fundamental Errors

Should an author discover a significant error or inaccuracy in their published work, it is their absolute obligation to immediately notify the Editorial Board. The author must actively cooperate with the editors to formally retract the paper or issue an appropriate erratum.

Standard of Objectivity

Reviews must be conducted with strict objectivity. Referees must express their views clearly with robust, well-articulated supporting arguments. Ad hominem or personal criticism of the author is strictly prohibited and will invalidate the review.

Source Acknowledgements

Reviewers must boldly identify relevant published work that has not been cited. Any substantial similarity or alarming overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper must be immediately reported to the Editor.

Conflicts of Interest

Any invited referee with a potential conflict of interest—whether competitive, collaborative, or financial—must immediately decline the review invitation and notify the Editorial Board to ensure the integrity of the blind review process.

Fair Play & Objectivity

Editors must evaluate manuscripts exclusively on the basis of their academic merit, intellectual content, and relevance to the journal's scope, without regard to the authors' race, gender, sexual orientation, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy.

Strict Confidentiality

Editors and editorial staff must maintain strict confidentiality. They are expressly forbidden from disclosing any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, and the publisher.

Publication Decisions

The Editor-in-Chief holds the ultimate authority in deciding which articles are published. This decision is strictly guided by the journal's policies, legal constraints regarding copyright infringement, and a rigorous zero-tolerance policy on plagiarism.